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Many economic groups have been filing for judicial reorganisation in Brazil, a process similar to chapter 11 of the US Bankruptcy Code. In certain cases, local courts have claimed jurisdiction over foreign entities filing for judicial reorganisation in Brazil, even though Brazilian law does not have any cross-border insolvency rules. Well-known judicial restructuring cases such as OGX, OAS and Schahin have helped develop case law on Brazil accepting the judicial reorganisation of foreign entities. Yet, in a recent case, the court denied such a request and re-opened discussions.

Elias Neocleous The Cyprus Securities and Exchange Commission has informed Cyprus Investment Firms it regulates of a change in the treatment of contributions to the Investors Compensation Fund (ICF) for the purposes of calculating capital adequacy. The Investment Services and Activities and Regulated Markets Law of 2007 to 2016 requires regulated investment firms to be members of the ICF and to contribute to it.

The strategy of creating two classes of stock with different voting rights attached has been deemed by some as poor corporate governance. The reality is more nuanced

Shareholder loans which are converted into equity can be risky for both the funded subsidiary and the shareholders. Turkish law provides one illustration

The country has given access to its credit market to foreign financial institutions, a move it hopes will boost its position on the global scene

The impact of the 2014 reforms to the country’s outdated bankruptcy framework has been called into question by recent court decisions

John Breslin Ireland's corporate rescue legislation (now contained in the Companies Act 2014) is analogous to the US chapter 11 process. It provides up to 100 days of breathing space for an insolvent company which has a viable enterprise to see whether it can put in place a restructuring plan. An independent officer (the examiner) is appointed to examine the company's affairs and, if possible, put in place a restructuring plan. During this period the company cannot be wound up, security granted by it cannot be enforced and it is immune from legal process. Except in exceptional circumstances, the examiner does not take over the management of the company. Therefore, (as in chapter 11) it is a debtor in possession process. If the examiner can put a restructuring plan in place, this is subject to a pro-restructuring voting regime, with the ability to cram down unsecured creditor claims.

Concerns have emerged regarding EU stress tests, notably the fact that they are being used as the principal and even exclusive tool to determine a bank’s financial viability

Oene Marseille Emir Nurmansyah The Finance Ministry of Indonesia has issued a regulation outlining the procedures for granting government loan guarantees for the development of electricity infrastructure in Indonesia. The regulation also outlines the steps for enforcing the guarantees.

Project finance deals involving commodities require constant risk mitigation and management. Good structuring from the outset is key