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UK firm Cameron McKenna is to incorporate US firm Faegre & Benson's Almaty team into its Kazakstan office. Cameron McKenna adds Faegre's resident partner, Thomas Johnson, and three local Kazak lawyers to its Almaty office, which will now have a total of eight lawyers. This is a further rationalization of the Kazakstan legal market following the merger of Pepper Hamilton & Scheetz's Almaty office with Coudert Brothers (see International Financial Law Review, March 1998, page 4). Faegre & Benson has decided to withdraw from central Asia. James Stephenson, a partner in Minneapolis, says that opening a Kazakstan office in 1992 was based on one particular project. The firm maintained a presence in Almaty but did not have long term objectives in the region. "We reached a point where we needed to invest additional resources in order to capitalize on the office's success," he says. "It is our only office in the region and it simply didn't fit into our strategy." Stephenson says the firm's international practice will concentrate on serving US clients in Europe. Faegre & Benson has an office in Frankfurt and formed an association with UK firm Hobson Audley Hopkins & Wood in August 1997.

Partners at UK law firm Wilde Sapte have voted to join the Arthur Andersen legal network. A heads of agreement document will be signed by early April. In London, Wilde Sapte will merge with Garretts, Andersen's existing UK firm. Andersen has been searching for a partner in the UK to bolster Garretts, and is understood to have approached other UK firms including Simmons & Simmons and Lovell White Durrant. It is likely Wilde Sapte's foreign offices will merge with Andersen's global network (which includes some 950 non-tax lawyers; see International Financial Law Review November 1997, page 25), although there is doubt over the future of the firm's Paris office. The managing partner of Wilde Sapte's office in France, Thomas McDonald, left SG Archibald in protest when it linked with Andersen. McDonald declines to comment.

• In London, US firm Akin, Gump, Strauss, Hauer & Feld has poached three lawyers from US rivals in the city. Kaamil Ansar, Andrew Thomas and Elisha Flax are being hired to expand the firm's London project finance team. Ansar, a dual-qualified project finance specialist, joins the firm as partner from Jones, Day, Reavis & Pogue. Thomas and Flax, both UK solicitors, join as counsel and associate from Chadbourne & Parke. • US firm Winthrop, Stimson, Putnam & Roberts has also added to its project finance team two partners from rival New York firm Verner, Liipfert, Bernhard, McPherson and Hand. Roy Bowman and Douglas Ochs Alder will join the firm's Washington DC office. Bowman was a shareholder in Verner, Liipfert and chaired the firm's international transactions and trade practice. The firm has also poached project finance partner Jay Fortin from Watson, Farley & Williams.

Serdar Paksoy, name partner and co-founder of leading Turkish firm Hergüner Bilgen & Paksoy, has walked out on the firm and set up his own practice. Paksoy & Co opened for business in Istanbul on January 1 1998. The reasons for the split are numerous, but include differing views on management, growth and practice areas, says Paksoy. Esin Taboglu, a senior associate at Hergüner Bilgen, has followed Paksoy and will join him as his partner in the new firm. Paksoy & Co has four associates in addition to the two partners, including a former associate at Hergüner Bilgen.

The Saudi Yanbu petrochemical company (Yanpet) has made its first drawing from a US$2.2 billion senior debt facility provided by a group of over 30 international and regional banks. The transaction sets new benchmarks for limited recourse bank financings, achieving a low lending margin and flexible borrowing terms. The principal difficulty in accessing project finance is seen to be the complexity and cost of the transaction. Many jurisdictions simply do not have the legal framework to support the level of contractual certainty or the granting of security at the heart of project financing techniques. The Yanpet project overcame these issues and demonstrated that thoughtful structuring and allocation of traditional risks (eg completion, market volatility, supply and operating risks) can lead to effective execution of even the largest transaction.

UK firm Nabarro Nathanson has strengthened its presence in Paris. Partner and qualified avocat Frank Lipworth will set up his own firm, Cabinet Lipworth, which will operate as a Nabarro affiliate. The practice will concentrate on non-contentious commercial work with a view to breaking into the lucrative mergers and acquisitions market. Lipworth will work alongside Myriam Smith, a French avocat, using the office as a service post for Nabarro's London clients.

UK firm Freshfields is starting a joint venture with a Japanese lawyer, or bengoshi. The joint venture is the closest form of cooperation allowed by Japanese bar rules between bengoshi and foreign firms. Freshfields will become the fifth law firm to form a joint venture, after French firm Gide Loyrette Nouel and US firms Baker & McKenzie, Sullivan & Cromwell and White & Case. Restrictive legal rules mean foreign law firms in Tokyo are forbidden from employing bengoshi, or offering them partnerships. The joint venture allows firms to share offices and other expenses, but they must keep all income separate. There are many foreign law firms in Japan but joint ventures are rare because foreign lawyers think the system is flawed. Ruth Markland, Freshfields' managing partner in Asia agrees to a point. "It is unsatisfactory because it would be ideal to be able to offer full partnership," she says. "But we feel the time is right to have a Japanese capability and this is the structure that is allowed." Markland expects the planned economic reform will lead to greater demand for legal services in Tokyo.

UK firm Norton Rose is disbanding its national group of associated firms, the Norton Rose M5 Group, to concentrate on an international strategy. The group unanimously agreed to wind up its formal links by the end of July 1998. One possibility was that the group would eventually become a single national firm. However, a decision was taken not to merge in 1993, and the firms began to pursue their own individual strategies, most notably when two members of the group, Booth & Co, and Addleshaw Sons & Latham merged last year.

The largest US merger between east and west coast law firms is being contemplated by New York firm Reid & Priest and San Francisco's Thelen, Marrin, Johnson & Bridges LLP. The combined firm would have about 350 lawyers. Meanwhile, Reid & Priest has also linked with ambitious Indian firm Titus & Radhakrishnan. Richard Gary, Thelen Marrin's chairman, says: "The conversations are at a very serious stage. I expect there will be a decision within the next few weeks." A spokesperson for Reid & Priest refuses to comment.

On February 19, the Bank of Botswana liberalized exchange controls. The liberalization falls short of a complete abolition of exchange controls, although this may occur in the next six to eight months.