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On April 26 2018, the Brazilian Central Bank issued new regulations (i) allowing certain types of transactions by credit fintechs, exclusively through electronic lending platforms; and, (ii) covering the areas of cybersecurity, data storage and cloud computing applicable to financial and payment institutions.

In the central American region, the legal framework must guarantee the confidentiality of personal data. In terms of security policies, seven out of 10 large companies in central America claim to have them defined, dictating how employees should behave when using the company's computing resources, and how to use data in a confidential manner. However, in order to face growing vulnerabilities and risks, any internal policies or regulations established within companies need to be complemented with proper technology. In both El Salvador and the rest of the region, companies are rethinking their security strategies including their policies, work regulations and internal processes.

The Cyprus Securities and Exchange Commission (CySEC) has announced the detailed arrangements for regulated administrative service providers (ASPs) to submit information regarding the year 2017 for the purposes of risk-based supervision.

The Latin American region and the infrastructure industry have been making the headlines after recent investigations and exemplary sanctions on corruption-related scandals that have even overthrown governments. Colombia has not been immune from this situation: this has encouraged regulators to acelerate efforts to criminalise behaviours related to compliance risks especially corruption, bribery, money laundering and financing of terrorism (AML/CFT), and antitrust.

Crowdfunding and peer-to-peer lending have been on the EU Commission's radar for a while. Until recently, the position was 'no-action required'. However, the growing relevance of the market led the Commission to issue a proposal for the regulation of European crowdfunding service providers for business (the Regulation) on March 8 2018. This regulation focuses on crowdfunding for the funding of business (hence, excluding crowdfunding for social projects).

As part of its continuing bureaucratic and economic reform programme, the Indonesian government has streamlined the country's expatriate employment requirements. The new rules, which are set out in Presidential Regulation No 20 of 2018, come into force at the end of June 2018, three months after the Regulation's promulgation.

Private enterprises, including foreign-invested companies, rely on contracting arrangements to optimise their business by farming out work for tasks which could be more efficiently carried out by third parties. A contracting arrangement exists when an entity, known as the principal, farms out work to a contractor. The work is carried out by the contractor's employees who are governed by employment contracts with the contractor.

The Central Bank of Ireland (CBI) recently published its 2017 annual report. It is essential reading for Irish finance services regulatory advisers, and for any entity with a business presence in Ireland in the banking and financial services sector.

Recent case law involving financial institutions confirms the ongoing viability of the Bankruptcy Code’s provisions

Two years have passed since the Monetary Authority of Macau (AMCM) organised the Development of Financial Leasing Business in the Macau SAR forum in Beijing. The purpose of the forum was to promote the implementation of Macau SAR (MSAR) governing lines for the development of the MSAR financial leasing system and to leverage MSAR as a platform between China and Portuguese speaking countries, and between the Greater Bay Area and Europe, within the Greater Bay Area initiative and China's One Belt One Road initiative, a position reiterated in the 2018 governing lines. Since the forum, China and Hong Kong SAR's banking and financial institutions have shown increased interest in Macau's financial leasing business. These financial institutions have a certain degree of expectation on the amendments that will be introduced to the present legal systems and that additional benefits will be created in relation to financial leasing companies' operations from and to MSAR. So far, two financial leasing companies have been incorporated and their operations authorised in Macau, in addition to the general authorisations that have been issued for banks to operate in Macau.