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Strategic Defence Take-over Insurance (SDTI) was recently launched by Lloyd's in the US, offering companies coverage in the event of hostile bids and proxy contests. Companies purchase an option which guarantees the right to secure an insurance policy, in the event that a hostile bid is received by a target company. Insured companies are reimbursed for direct costs associated with a hostile bid. The costs include expenditures on investment bankers, public relations/ advertising firms, legal advisers, proxy solicitation costs, and printing and mailing costs.

After High Court decision No. 14899/2000, the Italian Council of Ministers issued, on December 29 2000, Law Decree No. 394, on the subject of usurious loans. It aims to avoid the negative consequences that the Bank of Italy and the Italian Banking Association had anticipated would be produced by the Court's decision on the stability of the entire credit system.

A three-way merger in Europe could create the world's largest steel group. French company Usinor is merging with Luxembourg's Arbed and Aceralia in Spain to form an as yet unnnamed combined steemaker, which will be based in Luxembourg. The merger is expected to complete in autumn 2001. Aceralia shareholders will hold 20% of the company, while Arbed shareholders will control 23%. Usinor investors will hold the biggest share, with 57%. The company, which will list on Euronext, Luxembourg and Madrid, should be able to produce 46 million tons a year. It will have a market capitalization of $4.5 billion.

Shareholders in European exchange Easdaq have decided to abandon rules prohibiting individual parties from owning more than 20% of the exchange. Previously, a shareholder with a stake over 20% would have been unable to vote at shareholders meetings. The London Stock Exchange has a 5% cap. The decision, which would allow an individual to take a majority stake in the exchange, comes amid rumours that Easdaq is considering a merger with Nasdaq.

China’s securities market has never been clearly market-oriented or under the firm rule of law. However, Kaili’s court case against the China Securities Regulatory Commission resulted in a landmark decision in favour of the plaintiff. Jingzhou Tao, managing partner of Coudert Brothers’ Beijing office, explains the importance of the ruling

Banks know that losses due to operational risk will cost them. But how much capital should they assign to cover those costs? Richard Bethell-Jones of Denton Wilde Sapte, London, assesses the Basle Committee’s attempts to develop guidelines

In December last year, the European Parliament approved several amendments to the 13th Directive on Company Law concerning Takeover Bids. The amendments include allowing the board to increase the share capital of the company during the period of acceptance, as long as shareholder authorization was received at a general meeting held not earlier than 18 months before the acceptance period began, and extending the duties of the directors to consider employment when giving their opinion on a bid. It is unlikely that either the European Commission or EU governments generally will accept these amendments. At present, the European Council has until April 2001 to finish its second reading of the Takeover Directive. If the amendments are not approved, the process of conciliation will begin, by which the Commission will attempt to broker a compromise. If no compromise is reached, the European Commission will have to start the process again with a new draft.

The new Belgian Company Code, the law of January 23 2001, and the Royal Decree of January 30 2001 which sets out the details of various general provisions in the Company Code, all came into effect on February 6 2001.

Commissioner Laura Unger has been appointed acting head of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) until President George W Bush makes a final decision on a permanent appointment.

Christophe Caffard in conjunction with Philip Boys, Lovells, Paris, describes the legal and regulatory environment for online brokers in France