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As chief fintech officer of the Monetary Authority of Singapore, Sopnendu Mohanty's team has come a long way in the past four years. One of the most iconic experiments has been Project Ubin, which started in November 2016 as an industry collaboration, to explore the use of distributed ledger technology for clearing and settlement. In addition to the existing regulatory sandbox regime, MAS is also exploring a so-called sandbox express – a fast-track regime – to complement its existing offering. The fintech ecosystem in Singapore has more than 500 fintech startups and over 30 innovation labs, which have been instrumental in driving collaboration between financial institutions and fintech startups.

The European Securities and Markets Authority (Esma) is responsible for pushing some of the most far-reaching regulatory reforms in the history of finance. Their reforms have two basic aims: investor protection and risk management. These deceptively simple objectives have created complicated regulatory frameworks – and it truly is a team effort.

What could be more influential than the 2008-9 financial crisis, the financial crisis of the century? The catastrophic event led to the collapse of Lehman Brothers and left practically the entire world wondering what went wrong.

In the time since she took on the position, the United States House Committee on Financial Services chair Maxine Waters has been a constant irritant for the Trump administration. One of his most outspoken critics, the 80-year old Democratic Representative for California does not take financial issues lightly, and has very much put a dampener on the administration's reform agenda it had managed to push through in the first two years following the 2016 election.

In addition to being the chief executive of the Securities and Futures Commission (SFC) in Hong Kong, Alder is the chairman of the board of the International Organisation of Securities Commission and of the Financial Stability Board's plenary and steering committee.

Since 2016, Britain – and by extension, the global news agenda – has grappled with the backlash of Brexit. The UK's planned exit from the EU has created unprecedented levels of uncertainty about what the future holds for financial services in the UK, EU, and much further beyond.

Guo Shuqing is the head of the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission (CBIRC), which was created in 2018 after the merger of local banking and insurance-specific authorities.

As head of the world's largest bank outside of Asia, the influence of our next candidate goes without saying. Rarely a day goes by without Jamie Dimon, chief executive of JPMorgan, making a gregarious comment on how some fragment of the financial sector is operating in a less than perfect way. With power comes influence, and JPMorgan's sway over the US and global banking sectors is indisputable.

Rachel Kent is Hogan Lovells' head of financial services regulation, where she advises various types of institutions, both public and private.

The Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act may be coming up for its 10th birthday, but the wide-ranging regulation remains as important as ever. The vast Obama-era financial reform came as a direct response to the 2008-9 crisis, which as well as establishing a whole set of new government regulators and agencies designed to protect consumers and financial stability, introduced a range of new requirements designed to keep the US banking system under wraps. The Act faced a lot of criticism and had many adversaries before it even passed, barely scraping through the Senate, and in recent years has faced a barrage of attacks from the incumbent Republican administration.