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CONSOB, the Italian regulator, is granted by LD No. 415/96 (enacted to implement the ISD Directive) the power to regulate trading of listed financial instruments in official markets. On December 10 1996 CONSOB approved Resolution 10358 which, in some cases, imposes trading of listed financial instruments in official markets and, in other cases, lays down the conditions for over-the-counter (OTC) transactions.

Slovak bank Vseobecná úverová banka completed the first east European bank's issue of subordinated bonds to private investors.

For the first time, International Financial Law Review has identified the leading firms in the Yankee bond market. Meanwhile, Linklaters continues to dominate the Eurobond market. Richard Forster and Samantha Wigham report

Morgan Stanley & Co International has completed a US$1.55 billion multicurrency revolving securities repo facility agreement. Barclays Bank arranged the facility.

Jane M Freeberg of Watson, Farley & Williams, New York, reports on the EU Regulation blocking compliance with US sanctions against firms trading with Cuba, Iran and Libya

Peter Erwe and Peter Waltz of Oppenhoff & Rädler, Frankfurt, report that investment firms from other EU member states can now take advantage of the single passport under the Investment Services Directive in spite of delays in its implementation into German law

Garrett & Co, the UK firm linked to big six accountant Arthur Andersen, is continuing its expansion by opening a new office in Cambridge. Gerry Fitzsimmons is managing partner. He joins from rival Taylor Vinters's Cambridge office, where he headed the commercial department. The office is hoping to recruit five lawyers who specialize in corporate finance, intellectual property or employment law. "Cambridge is an increasingly exciting place to practise these areas," explains Fitzsimmons. "There is scope here for a quality national practice. There are a lot of science companies which are growing very fast in the local marketplace." He dismisses the competition, saying: "There aren't any national firms here, and we are recruiting aggressively." The firm now has six offices in the UK.

Tax specialists are the best paid in-house counsel, according to a survey conducted jointly by US legal consulting firm Altman Weil Pensa and the American Corporate Counsel Association. The Law Department Compensation Benchmarking Survey examines the finances of US company legal departments, and reveals that the top earning specialities are tax, and mergers and acquisitions, for which an average in-house counsel receives about US$120,000. Almost half chief legal officers earned between US$200,000 and US$350,000, while nearly 10% earned more than US$500,000. But the departments continued to rely heavily on external firms, with each, on average, using about 48 firms in 1996. This cost departments an average of US$376,162 per lawyer. The highest paid external lawyers were specialists in personal injury defence, earning US$108,151, followed by general litigation lawyers, who received US$100,938. Mergers and acquisitions specialists and intellectual property lawyers earned US$88,985 and US$85,283 respectively.

Mark Harding, general counsel of Union Bank of Switzerland, London, talks to Samantha Wigham

Austria's largest bank, Bank Austria, outbid three rivals to acquire a 70% stake in Creditanstalt, the country's second biggest bank. The Austrian government has been trying to privatize the stake for six years. The bank paid Sch17.2 billion (US$1.55 billion) for the stake. Bank Austria is now making a partial cash offer of a minimum Sch772 per share to Creditanstalt's minority shareholders and giving them the opportunity to convert the rest of their shares into Bank Austria equity.