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On December 15 2011, the Bank of Thailand issued policy guideline no. 58/2011 allowing foreign banks with branches in Thailand to convert to subsidiaries, each of which can have a maximum of 20 branches and 20 off-premises ATMs throughout Thailand. There are 15 foreign banks with branches in Thailand, and one subsidiary of a foreign bank.

Chun-yih Cheng In order to, among other things, strengthen the supervision of listings by foreign companies in Taiwan, accord minority shareholders a right to apply for inspection, and ease general listing procedure, the country's Securities and Exchange Act was amended on December 12 2011:

Andreas Moll On August 29 2011, the Swiss Federal Supreme Court rendered a decision concerning kickback payments by banks (retrocession) in favour of asset managers.

Yolanda Berenguer Spanish news reports almost daily feature stories of families being evicted for not meeting their mortgage payments; undoubtedly, this is due to the recession affecting all of Europe, particularly Spain. The figures speak for themselves. Between 2007 and 2010, the number of judicial mortgage foreclosures in Spain increased by 531%. In addition, the overwhelmed state of the courts has resulted in delayed foreclosure proceedings (between 18 and 24 months, in the courts of first instance).

The oil and gas industry in Peru traditionally has been concentrated in production from oil fields on the north coast as well as from fields located in the jungle. This allowed Peru to export oil, as well as to supply its local market needs for fuel. Due to different economic and regulatory reasons and conditions (price regulations, limitations to foreign direct investment, among others), however, this resulted in the reduction of reserves and production of oil in Peru.

Ji Yeoun Kim Following the amendment to the Enforcement Decree of the Financial Investment Services and Capital Markets Act in September 2011 to introduce Korean hedge funds, 12 hedge funds operated by nine different asset management companies have been registered. To assist in the successful operations of hedge funds in Korea, the Financial Supervisory Service and the Korea Financial Investment Association have issued best practice guidelines for Korean hedge funds and prime brokers which came into effect from December 12 2011.

Olabanji Adenusi In recent times, private equity investments in Nigeria have grown considerably. Notable investments within the country include Actis Capital's $130 million investment in Diamond Bank Nigeria and Emerging Capital Partner's investment in Notore Chemical Industries, among a host of others. Most PE deals in the country are hinged on management buyouts and restructuring, unlike in developed economies where they consist mainly of leveraged buyouts.

Following the promulgation of the Act on Prevention of Unjust Acts by Organised Crime Group Members in 1992, organised crime groups in Japan began increasingly to attempt to conceal the true nature of their organisations as ordinary businesses and use more sophisticated methods to generate funds through complex transactions such as equity investments and real-estate transactions.

Anthony Coleby Chapter VIII of the Kuwaiti Capital Market Law (CML)'s executive regulations deals with investment funds: their formation and the offering of units for subscription. Also covered are the marketing and offering of units of overseas funds, fund operation, corporate governance and fund liquidation. Chapter VIII spans 75 Articles of the executive regulations (293–368). This briefing will address just the first 15, leaving the remainder to be dealt with subsequently.

A rating is, in substance, the opinion expressed by a rating agency as to the ability of an entity to generate the funds necessary to meet the commitments undertaken with respect to its creditors. It is based mainly on an economic assessment, although in certain circumstances the economic assessments must go parallel with contractual structures.